Dynamic pricing and control for EV charging stations with solar generation

Demand response is one of the most promising tools for smart grids to integrate more renewable energy sources. One critical challenge overcome how establish pricing and control strategies integrating electric vehicles (EVs) This paper proposes a dynamic optimal operation solar-powered EV charging station where onsite solar generation, number EVs in system, historical price, technical specifications driving behaviour vary. A bi-level optimisation approach proposed, tariffs ensure an economic price responsive operation, then schedules are computed bidding capacity provide balancing services. Simulations conduced evaluate performance unidirectional bidirectional at different speeds demand elasticity. Results demonstrate potential extra revenue streams coming from participation markets compared that alone. Additionally, limitations with battery size, trip requirements ratings discussed show insights into stations. • novel scheme developed create tariff by using grid analytics user responses price. new proposed managing its provision ancillary strategy manage vehicle (G2V) V2G charging.